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The Effects of Cationic Valence on Wash Deinking of Newsprint
The effects of cationic valence were tested against final pulp brightness in the wash deinking process on newsprint. The electrolytes used were AlCl3,CaCl2 and NaCl. The concentrations were varied from 8.32 x 10-4 M to 100 times that amount on all three electrolytes. The effects were studied on the wash water and the cooking liquor seperately, using deionized water as a control run. It was found that there was a noticeable loss of brightness even at the lowest level of electrolyte addition in both the wash water trials and the cooking liquor trials. The effect was greatest when the electrolytes were added to the cooking liquor for AlCl3 and CaCl2. It was also noticed that the addition of Al and Ca ions to cooks containing sodium silicate as a dispersing agent caused a precipate to form, possibly lowering the effectiveness of the dispersing agent
On Exodus: A Liberation Perspective
Reviewed Book: Pixley, Jorge V. On Exodus: A Liberation Perspective. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1987
Analytic continuation of Wolynes theory into the Marcus inverted regime
The Wolynes theory of electronically nonadiabatic reaction rates [P. G.
Wolynes, J. Chem. Phys. 87, 6559 (1987)] is based on a saddle point
approximation to the time integral of a reactive flux autocorrelation function
in the nonadiabatic (golden rule) limit. The dominant saddle point is on the
imaginary time axis at , and provided
lies in the range ,
it is straightforward to evaluate the rate constant using information obtained
from an imaginary time path integral calculation. However, if lies outside this range, as it does in the Marcus inverted regime, the
path integral diverges. This has led to claims in the literature that Wolynes
theory cannot describe the correct behaviour in the inverted regime. Here we
show how the imaginary time correlation function obtained from a path integral
calculation can be analytically continued to , and
the continuation used to evaluate the rate in the inverted regime. Comparisons
with exact golden rule results for a spin-boson model and a more demanding
(asymmetric and anharmonic) model of electronic predissociation show that the
theory it is just as accurate in the inverted regime as it is in the normal
regime.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure
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